玉米穗三叶叶面积主基因+多基因遗传模型分析

以玉米组合PH6WC/7873的六世代P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2为材料,在春播和夏播条件下,研究了玉米穗三叶叶面积的主基因+多基因遗传规律,旨在为玉米株型、高光效育种提供理论基础。结果表明,春播和夏播环境下,穗三叶叶面积均检测到主基因,穗三叶叶面积在春播环境下符合D-2模型,夏播环境下符合E-1模型。春播环境下,穗三叶叶面积的多基因遗传率在B1、B2、F2世代分别为87.22%、83.64%、49.38%,以多基因遗传为主。夏播环境下,穗三叶叶面积在F2世代存在较大的主基因遗传率(75.82%),以主基因遗传为主。由此可见,叶面积在夏播和春播环境下,受主基因和多基因的控制表现并不一致,因此要注意在不同的环境下,选择不同的方法对叶面积进行改良。

Genetic Analysis on Three Leaves Area Near the Ear by Mixed Inheritance Model of Major Genes and Polygenes in Maize

The joint segregation analysis of major genes plus polygenes mixed inheritance model was conducted to study the genetic rules of three leaves area near the ear in spring and summer sowing environment with the view to provide theoretical reference for maize plant type and high photosynthetic efficiency breeding.The six generations,P1,P2,F1,B1,B2,F2 of cross PH6WC/7873 were taken as materials.Results showed that there were existing major genes of three leaves area near the ear in spring and summer sowing environment.The optimum models in spring and summer sowing environment were model D-2 and E-1,respectively.The heritabilites of polygenes in B1,B2,F2 generations were 87.22%,83.64%,49.38%,respectively in spring sowing environment.In summer sowing environment,the heritabilites of major genes in F2 generation was 75.82%.Three leaves area near the ear was mainly controlled by polygenes in spring sowing environment while that was mainly controlled by major genes in summer sowing environment.Therefore,it must be paid attention to choosing different methods to improve leaf area according to different environments.