祁连山高寒牧区羔羊杂交生产效果分析

为了进一步优化祁连山高寒牧区6月龄前羔羊肉生产杂交组合,分别以特克塞尔、无角陶赛特和黑头萨福克羊为父本与甘肃高山细毛羊开展杂交试验(各杂交组合F1代羔羊分别命名为特甘细、陶甘细和黑萨甘细,甘肃高山细毛羊纯繁后代为甘高细),测定各组合羔羊6月龄前的生长状况及产肉性能。结果显示,各组合F1代羔羊初生体质量差异均不显著;4月龄(断奶)时,特甘细、陶甘细和黑萨甘细公羔体质量分别极显著高于甘高细公羔26.01%、42.91%和35.45%,平均日增质量分别极显著高于甘高细公羔31.81%、49.66%和43.64%,陶甘细效果最优;6月龄时,特甘细、陶甘细和黑萨甘细公羔宰前活质量和胴体质量分别比甘高细公羔提高26.25%(P0.01)、9.89%(P0.05)、26.02%(P0.01)和41.18%(P0.01)、21.60%(P0.01)、37.62%(P0.01),特甘细效果最优;各组合F1代公羔屠宰率无显著差异,但特甘细、陶甘细和黑萨甘细母羔屠宰率均显著高于甘高细。综上,在祁连山高寒牧区引进特克塞尔、陶赛特和黑头萨福克羊与甘肃高山细毛羊进行杂交改良,均能明显提高后代羔羊的生长和产肉性能,无角陶赛特是生产4月龄(断奶)羔羊肉的最优父本,特克塞尔是生产6月龄羔羊肉的最优父本。

Analysis of 6-Month-Old Lambs Meat Production Performance among Different Hybrid Combinations in Qilian Mountain Alpine Pastoral Areas

In order to select an optimal hybrid combination and improve the growth and meat production performance of F1 generation lambs at 6-month-old age in Qilian mountain alpine pastoral areas,Texel, Poll-Dorset,Black Suffolk were used as male parent and Gansu Alpine Merino as female parent to conduct hybrid combination experiment ( F1 generation lambs of each combination were referred to TG, DG and BSG,respectively) in this study. The results showed that F1 generation lambs birth weight of each hybrid combination had no significant difference. The F1 generation rams weaning weight and average daily gain before weaning of TG,DG and BSG were extremely higher than Gansu Alpine Merino,and increased by 26 . 01%, 42 . 91%, 35 . 45% and 31 . 81%, 49 . 66%, 43 . 64%. The 6-month-old body weight before slaughter and carcass weight of TG,DG and BSG were higher than Gansu Alpine Merino,and increased by 26. 25%(P<0. 01),9. 89%(P<0. 05),26. 02%(P<0. 01) and 41. 18%(P<0. 01),21. 60%(P <0. 01), 37. 62% ( P < 0. 01 ). There was no significant difference in dressing percentage of each combination rams,while F1 generation ewes dressing percentage of TG,DG and BSG extremely higher than Gansu Alpine Merino. These results suggested that the growth and meat production performance of Gansu Alpine Merino could be improved by introducing foreign sheep, and TG was the optimal hybrid combination for manufacturing 6-month-old mutton in Qilian mountain alpine pastoral areas compared with other combinations.