采收期对糯玉米郑黄糯2号品质和鲜食产量的影响

为确定糯玉米品种郑黄糯2号的夏播适宜采收期,比较了5个不同采收期下郑黄糯2号的品质、酶活性及鲜穗产量。结果表明,采收期对郑黄糯2号籽粒主要营养成分含量和鲜穗产量影响较大。随采收期推迟,粗蛋白、粗淀粉、粗脂肪含量增加,赖氨酸、可溶性糖含量减少;过氧化物酶活性降低,多酚氧化酶活性先降低后升高;鲜穗产量呈现出先增加后下降的趋势,以授粉后24 d(即8月24日)采收鲜穗产量最高(15 492.36 kg/hm2)。兼顾品质、产量双重因素,郑黄糯2号最适宜采收期为授粉后24 d。

Effect of Harvesting Period on Quality and Fresh Yield of Waxy Corn Zhenghuangnuo No. 2

In order to determine the optimum harvesting date of a waxy corn variety( Zhenghuangnuo No. 2), the field experiments were arranged to compare the quality,enzyme activity and fresh yield of the ear under different harvesting date. The results indicated that harvesting date had strong impacts on the main nutritional compositions in the grain and the fresh yield of the ear. Along with delay of the harvest date, the crude starch,crude fat and crude protein contents increased,however the lysine,soluble sugar contents and peroxidase activity decreased, and the activity of polyphenol oxidase decreased first and then increased,however the fresh yield of the ear increased first and then decreased. The highest fresh yield of the ear(15492. 36 kg/ha) was found on 24 d after pollination(August 24). In consider of the grain quality and ear fresh yield,the results showed that the optimum harvesting date of the waxy corn variety (Zhenghuangnuo No. 2) was 24 d after pollination.