干旱胁迫对玉米地方品种苗期植株形态的影响

为了阐明干旱胁迫下玉米地方品种的苗期植株形态效应,采用盆栽试验,以4个玉米地方品种为材料,设置重度干旱胁迫、中度干旱胁迫和正常供水3个处理,研究了玉米地方品种在干旱胁迫下的幼苗植株形态特性。结果表明,干旱胁迫对玉米地方品种幼苗植株形态有不同程度的不利影响,不同玉米地方品种的耐旱性存在明显差异。玉米地方品种总体上表现出较高的耐干旱胁迫能力,不同地方品种的同一形态性状和同一地方品种的不同形态性状的干旱胁迫指数存在差异。综合分析干旱胁迫下4个地方品种的植株形态效应,品种C是耐旱性强的玉米地方品种,可作为耐旱种质加以利用,地方品种A和D的耐干旱胁迫能力较强,而地方品种B则对干旱敏感。此外,我国丰富的玉米地方种质为杂交种耐旱特性的遗传改良奠定了物质基础。

The Effects of Drought Stress on Plant Morphology of Maize Landraces at Seedling Stage

Using pot culture with 4 maize landraces,their plant morphology at seedling stage was investigated under high-drought and moderate-stress conditions.The results showed that drought stress had a negative influence on seedling morphology to a degree,and there existed differences of maize landraces tolerant to drought stress.Wholly,higher tolerance was found in the four maize landraces.There were differences in tolerance to drought stress both among maize landraces with the same morphological trait and different morphological traits of a maize landrace.Based on the morphological characteristics of maize landraces under drought stress,C can be classified as landraces highly tolerant to drought stress,A and D as landraces tolerant to drought stress,and B sensitive to drought stress.In addition,there is the rich germplasm of maize landraces in China,which could be used to genetically improve corn hybrids tolerant to drought stress.