不同穗型粳稻胚乳发育过程研究

以直立和弯曲两种穗型粳稻品种为试材,采取花后分期取样,制作受精子房半薄切片的方法,用光镜观察比较其在结实过程中胚乳形态结构的变化。结果表明:直立穗型水稻受精后游离核增殖较弯穗型水稻慢,但胚乳细胞分裂增殖较快;淀粉粒均最先出现于边缘胚乳细胞,当边缘游离核细胞膜逐渐形成时,核的周围出现小的淀粉粒;直立穗型水稻胚乳形态约在花后11d内基本定型,较弯穗型水稻早,同时,其胚乳细胞分裂时间短于弯穗型水稻;水稻的胚乳结构未见有明显的粒间差异,但各籽粒之间的形态进程仍有1~2d差距;花后20d内,直立穗型胚乳细胞内物质的累积优于弯穗水稻的同期水平。

Endosperm Development in Different Erect Panicle Type Varieties of Japonica Rice

Erect panicle type variety and curved panicle type variety of Japonica rice were used as experimental materials.The semi-thin sectioned ovary fertilized were used to show the shapes and the quantities of endosperm cells'substances such as starch grains,aleurone grains and so on,under the microscope after the flowering and pollinizing.The main results read as follows:About the endosperm cell nucleus dividing,the erect panicle type variety's was less than that of the curved panicle type variety after flowering,but contrarily in their substances accumulating.Starch grain appears first on the edge of the endosperm cells,the surrounding of cell nucleu appear a small starch grain when the cell membrane becomes.Within 11 days after flowering,the endosperm cells of the erect panicle type variety have been built up,in the meantime,the duration of the endosperm cells dividing is shorter than the curved panicle type variety.There was not obvious difference between the same locative caryosises of different infloresoenses,the developing courses of different caryosises in same location came to appear difference for 1-2 days.There was much more substances accumulated in the endosperm cells in erect panicle type variety than in curved panicle type variety.