鸡粪堆制过程中氮素损失及减少氮素损失的机理

以鸡粪为试验材料进行为期70d室外好氧堆制,观测鸡粪、鸡粪添加1%稻草和鸡粪添加3%稻草3种不同处理的pH值、温度、铵态氮、硝态氮、氨挥发潜力和全氮等变化,并以鸡粪在堆制腐熟过程中灰分绝对量不变为前提计算了氮素的损失量。结果表明:氨挥发是鸡粪堆制腐熟过程中氮素损失的重要途径,氮素损失高峰期出现在鸡粪堆制后21d内;3个处理经过70d的堆制腐熟过程,氮素损失率均达15%以上;与鸡粪处理相比,在鸡粪中添加1%稻草能减少氮素损失2 52个百分点。

Mechanism of Nitrogen Loss and Reduction in Nitrogen Loss during the Compost of Chicken Manure

Outdoor pilot scale experiments, lasted for 70 days, were conducted to investigate the changes of pH value, temperature, NH_4-N, NO_3-N, ammonia volatile potentiality and total nitrogen during aerobic co-composting of chicken manure and rice straw. Both mass loss and nitrogen loss were evaluated on the basis of the invariant absolute value of ash content. The results showed ammonia volatileness was an important way of nitrogen loss in the compost of chicken manure. The nitrogen loss rate was the highest during the early 21 days composting and reached above 15% after 70 days composting. Adding 1% rice straw into chicken manure could reduce the loss by 2.52 percentage point.