复合微生态制剂对异育银鲫肠道菌群和消化机能的影响

为了研究复合微生态制剂对异育银鲫肠道菌群和消化机能的影响,在饲料中添加不同水平的酿酒酵母(0.04%、0.06%、0.08%)、嗜酸乳酸菌(0.01%、0.02%、0.03%)以及枯草芽孢杆菌(0.01%、0.03%、0.05%)3种益生菌制剂,采用L9(34)正交设计法配制成9种复合微生态制剂。结果表明,酿酒酵母对肠道乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌含量的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01),枯草芽孢杆菌对肠道乳酸菌含量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05)。3种益生菌对大肠杆菌和气单胞菌含量的影响均显著(P<0.05)。3种试验益生菌对异育银鲫前、中、后肠段的淀粉酶、脂肪酶及蛋白酶均有不同程度的影响,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。酿酒酵母对肠道消化酶和营养物质表观消化率的影响最大,对磷表观消化率影响的极显著(P<0.01),对干物质表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05)。酿酒酵母、嗜酸乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌3菌种适当搭配可改善异育银鲫肠道微生态环境,有益于消化酶的分泌和饲料养分的消化,较优的组合为酿酒酵母0.08%、嗜酸乳杆菌0.03%、枯草芽孢杆菌0.01%。

Effects of compound microbiological preparation on intestinal microflora and digestive function of Allogynogenetic crucian carp

To evaluate the effects of compound microbiological preparation on intestinal microflora and digestive function of Allogynogenetic crucian carp,three kinds of single probiotics preparations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 0.04%,0.06% and 0.08%,Lactobacillus acidophilus at 0.01%,0.02% and 0.03%,and Bacillus subtilis at 0.01%,0.03% and 0.05% were added into the feed and mixed for compound probiotics by L9(34)design.The results showed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae had a significant effects on the number of intestinal Lactobacillus and Bacillus(P<0.01),and Bacillus subtilis had a significant effect on the number of intestinal Lactobacillus(P<0.05).All three probiotics posed significant effects on the number of intestinal Colon bacillus and Aeromonas(P<0.05).Three kinds of single probiotics preparations had different effects on digestive enzymes(amylase,lipase and protease) in different segments(foregut,midgut and hindgut) of intestine(P>0.05).Saccharomyces cerevisiae post the strongest effects on digestive enzyme and apparent digestibility.The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on digestibility and apparent digestibilities of phosphorus and dry matter were significant(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Proper collocation of three probiotics preparations could optimize the microbial ecosystem of intestine and promote the digestion and absorption of dietary nutrition.The better formula was the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 0.08%,Lactobacillus acidophilus 0.03%,and Bacillus subtilis 0.01%.