棉花专用包裹配方肥对棉株干物质和氮素积累与分配的影响

棉花专用包裹配方肥具有养分全面、配比合理等特点。经多年试验结果证明,它不但节省工本,而且增产效果明显。以1hm~2施普通复合肥和尿素各600 kg(简称常规施肥)为对照,研究施用棉花专用包裹配方肥对棉株干物质和氮素积累的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥处理相比,1hm~2基施棉花专用包裹配方肥1500 kg及后期用尿素15 kg叶面喷施,可有效增加棉花盛铃期以后的叶面积指数和功能叶中叶绿素含量,使棉株一生中干物质和氮素积累量明显增加,且在各器官间的分配较合理,单产略有提高。同时,施用棉花专用包裹配方肥可使氮素利用率提高13.73至18.96个百分点,有效地减少了养分流失,减轻了对环境的污染。

Effects of the Cotton-special Coated Formula Fertilizer on Accumulation and Distribution of Dry Matter and Nitrogen in Cotton Plant

The cotton-special coated formula fertilizer is noted for its complete range of nutrients and rational formula. It can save labor and cost, and increase yield. Its effects on accumulation and distribution of dry matter and nitrogen in cotton plant applied with 1 500 kg/hm2 cotton-special coated formula fertilizer and spredded with 15 kg/hm2 urea were studied. In comparison with the control treatment that applied 600 kg/hm common compound fertilizer and 600 kg/hm urea, the leaf area index and chlorophyll content after boll-forming stage could increase by applying 1 500 kg/hm2 cotton-special fertilizer and spreading 15 kg/hm2 urea on leaf. The amount of dry matter and nitrogen accumulated increased and their distribution among different apparatus appeared rationally. The yield also increased to a certain extent. The utilization rate of nitrogen increased by 13. 73% ~ 18. 92% , reduced the loss of nitrogen effectively, and lightened its pressure to the environmental pollution.