种植方式对陆稻(中旱3号)和水稻(武香粳99-8)生长特性和产量形成的影响

以陆稻中旱3号和水稻武香粳99-8为材料,探讨3种种植方式(覆膜旱种、裸地旱种和水种)对陆稻和水稻生长特性和产量形成的影响。结果表明:与水种方式(对照)相比,覆膜旱种方式稻分蘖数较多、成穗率降低、花后叶绿素含量和伤流强度下降较缓慢、茎鞘物质运转率和转换率高;裸地旱种方式则相反。两种旱种方式稻根冠比、活跃灌浆期和收获指数均小于水种方式,但平均灌浆速率则相反。中旱3号覆膜旱种方式产量和粒叶比显著低于水种方式,而武香粳99-8没有显著差异。中旱3号和武香粳99-8均以裸地旱种方式产量最低。3种种植方式平均,中旱3号成穗率和籽粒灌浆速率比武香粳99-8高,但灌浆期叶绿素含量和伤流强度下降快,活跃灌浆时间缩短,茎鞘物质输出率及转运率、粒叶比、收获指数和产量低。

Effects of Cultivation Methods on Growth Characteristics and Yield Formation in Upland Rice (Zhonghan 3) and Paddy Rice(Wuxiangjing 99-8)

With upland rice Zhonghan 3(japonica) and paddy rice Wuxiangjing 99-8(japonica) as materials,the effects of three cultivation methods plastic film mulching cultivation(PFMC),bare cultivation(BC) and moist cultivation(MC)] on the growth characteristics and yield formation were investigated.The results showed that PFMC rice exhibited more tillers,smaller percentage of productive tillers,slower decrease in chlorophyll content and root bleeding intensity after flowering,and higher transportation and export rate of assimilate in stem and sheath than those of MC(control) rice.The results were reversed for BC rice.The root-shoot ratio,active grain filling period and harvest index of PFMC and BC were all smaller or lower, whereas the mean grain filling rates were greater,than those of MC.The grain yield and ratio of spikelets to leaf area index(LAI) were significantly lower under PFMC than under MC for upland rice Zhonghan 3,and there was no significant difference between PFMC and MC for paddy rice Wu(xiangjing) 99-8.The lowest grain yield of both Zhonghan 3 and Wuxiangjing 99-8 were observed under BC among the three cultivation methods.Compared with paddy rice Wuxiangjing 99-8,upland rice Zhonghan 3 showed higher percentage of productive tillers and faster grain filling rate,faster declining speed in chlorophyll content and root bleeding intensity after heading,shorter active grain filling period,smaller transportation and export rate of assimilate in stem and sheath,lower ratio of spikelets to LAI,harvest index and yield.