首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

河蟹的生态养殖现状及发展对策
引用本文:管卫兵,蔡天成,杨牧川,王成辉.河蟹的生态养殖现状及发展对策[J].湖南农业科学,2012(3):116-119.
作者姓名:管卫兵  蔡天成  杨牧川  王成辉
作者单位:1. 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海,201306
2. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海,201306
基金项目:上海市中华绒螯蟹产业技术体系建设(2010-2014)
摘    要:河蟹养殖已成我国水产业中一项支柱性产业。根据FAO专家制订的生态养殖三个基本原则分析,"种草、殖螺、稀放、轮养"等养殖方式不符合生态养殖标准。(1)河蟹养殖对生态系统功能和服务有影响。河蟹养殖破坏水域的栖息地,排放营养物质,使用药物对水资源保护有负面作用;大量养殖导致野生资源种质下降,及对湖泊和海洋渔业资源过多的依赖均不利于相关资源的可持续发展。(2)河蟹养殖户获得权益不足。河蟹养殖业成为高投入的行业,河蟹养殖业发展一定程度并没有达到消除贫困和让更多人的权益人受益的目的。(3)河蟹养殖对其他部门发展有影响。河蟹养殖业对湖泊资源、湖泊生态、海洋渔业资源,沿海生态环境等方面都有负面影响。针对这一现状,按照生态养殖的三个基本原则,要从种质、饲料、设备方面规范河蟹养殖,降低对生态系统的影响;发展保险支持,保障养殖户权益;加强部门合作,合理发展河蟹生态养殖。

关 键 词:河蟹  生态养殖  生态系统

Status Quo and Developmental Strategies of Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture of Chinese Mitten Crab in China
GUAN Wei-bing , CAI Tian-cheng , YANG Mu-chuan , WANG Cheng-chui.Status Quo and Developmental Strategies of Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture of Chinese Mitten Crab in China[J].Hunan Agricultural Sciences,2012(3):116-119.
Authors:GUAN Wei-bing  CAI Tian-cheng  YANG Mu-chuan  WANG Cheng-chui
Institution:GUAN Wei-bing1,CAI Tian-cheng1,YANG Mu-chuan1,WANG Cheng-chui2(1.College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,PRC; 2.College of Fisheries and Life science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,PRC)
Abstract:The aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab have become one of the key elements in China fishery industry.According to the three basic principles for ecosystem approach to aquaculture(EAA) made by FAO experts,many aquaculture method for Chinese mitten crab,such as culture of submergible plant,breeding the snail,low density and rotational culture,are not in accord with the standards of EAA.The reasons are as follows: firstly,there are various negative impacts on functions and services of ecosystem by crab aquaculture.The crab aquaculture will damage the habitats in each water area,will discharge lots of nutrients,and will use many chemical drugs,which are not benefit to protecting water resources;mass aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab will lead decrease of wild resources and germplasm and will excessively dependent on the fishery resources in lake and ocean,which are not benefit to the sustainable development of correlative resources.Secondly,the farmers who are aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab can not gain enough benefits.As a capital intensive industry,aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab dose not achieves the purposes of poverty alleviation and benefiting more farmers.Thirdly,aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab dose not comprehensively considers the benefits of other departments.Aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab influences fishery resources in lake and ocean and ecology around streams,lakes and coastal zones.Therefore,ecosystem approach to aquaculture is the only way for aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab in China.It should standardize the aquaculture of Chinese mitten crab from germ plasm,feeds and equipment to reduce the impacts on ecosystem;develop insurance support to ensure the benefits of farmers;strengthen cooperation among different departments to develop crab aquaculture industry properly.
Keywords:Chinese mitten crab  ecosystem approach to aquaculture  ecosystem
本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录!
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号