杂交水稻主要经济性状配合力的研究

为了研究5个水稻三系不育系的经济性状配合力,试验选用5个三系不育系和7个恢复系,以不完全双列杂交配组35个组合,针对8个主要经济性状进行研究。结果表明:(1)恢复系的8个主要经济性状一般配合力方差均达到极显著水平,不育系一般配合力方差在植株高度、穗长、每穗总粒数、千粒重和平均结实率均达到了极显著或显著水平;特殊配合力(除每穗总粒数外)均达到了极显著或显著水平。(2)大部分经济性状不同程度上受基因的加性和非加性效应共同作用,并且加性效应占主导地位。(3)各性状亲本的一般配合力与特殊配合力是相互独立,没有明显的相关关系。(4)在主要的经济性状上,供试的5个不育系中G13A和荣丰A为较理想亲本,谐A、五丰A和早丰A为具备利用价值亲本;恢复系中,以14hz32、14hz29、14hz5较好。

Study on Combining Ability of Main Economic Characters of Hybrid Rice

In order to study the economic characters combining abilityof 5 sterile line from three-lines of rice, selected 5 sterile line and 7 restorer line, studied 8 main economic characters by 35 combinations with NC Ⅱ mating design.The results showed that: (1) the variance of the general combining ability of the 8 main economic characters of the restorer lines reached a very significant level,the variance of the general combining ability of thesterile line was in the plant height, ear length, total grain number per spike, 1000 grain weight and average seed setting rateall reached a very significant or significant level; the special combining ability (except the total grain number per spike) reached a very significant or significant level;(2) most of characters were both affected by the additive effects and non-additive effects,and additive effect was dominant.(3) The general combining ability and the special combining ability of the parentsof each characters were independent, and there was no significant correlation.(4) In the main economic characters, the 5 sterile lines G13A and Rongfeng A were more ideal parents, and Xie A, Wufeng A and Zaofeng A were the valuable parents; in the recovery system, the 14hz32, 14hz29 and 14hz5 were better.