烯效唑拌种对小麦前期控旺和后期抗(避)冷效应的研究

以川农麦1号为材料,研究了不同浓度烯效唑(S3307)(0、5、10、20、40mg/L)拌种对不同播期小麦前期生长及后期抗(避)冷效应的影响,并对S3307拌种前期控旺,后期抗(避)冷进而增粒增产的机理进行了讨论.结果表明,S3307拌种对小麦前期生长具有控上促下、控前促后的效应;S3307促进了三叶到拔节体内N素含量的增加,降低了C/N值;S3307拌种使小麦生长物候期延迟,利于四分体与开花期避开低温危害,且提高了四分体与寒潮期幼穗超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)的活力,降低了丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量,有利于提高植株的抗冷性;S3307拌种延迟了幼穗分化各阶段的起始时间,使小麦拔节期明显推迟;S3307拌种提高了穗粒数,其产量显著高于对照.

Effects of seed dressing with S3307 on controlling excessive vegetative growth in early growing stages and on resisting chilling in later growing stages in winter wheat

Effects of different concentrations of S3307(0 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 40 mg/ L) on different sowing dates winter wheat (Chuannong No.1) (Oct. 19, Oct. 26, Nov. 2, Nov. 9) were studied. The results showed that seed dressing with S3307 promoted root growth while controlling excessive vegetative growth in early growing stages and made wheat a compensative growth in later growing stages; it increased nitrogen content of seedlings from 3-leaf stage to heading stage and decreased ratio of carbon to nitrogen and postponed beginning dates of developing stages of young ear, especially heading stage, that was beneficial to avoiding low temperature damage in tetrad and flowering courses; meanwhile, it raised enzyme activity of SOD, POD and reduced MDA content in tetrad and cold wave periods. Seed dressing with S3307 was helpful to gaining high grain per ear and also high yield. The mechanism of seed dressing with S3307(a kind of plant growth retardative) on controlling excessive vegetative growth in early growing stages and on resisting chilling in later growing stages in winter wheat was disussed.