培养基和土壤中木霉菌与绿僵菌微生态关系

为研究木霉菌与绿僵菌在平板及土壤中相互关系,以不同配比同时接种2株菌,采用平板对峙和土壤再分离试验,观察2种菌株生长过程相互作用。采用先接种绿僵菌,间隔不同时间后接种木霉菌,观察2种菌株生长及相互影响。结果表明:2种菌株同时接种时,木霉菌与绿僵菌比例1:100时,平板上木霉菌平均生长距离是绿僵菌的6倍,土壤中培养4d后绿僵菌难以从木霉菌中分离得到,木霉菌对绿僵菌生长具有极显著的抑制作用,木霉菌生长处于优势,绿僵菌生长受抑制。先接种绿僵菌,7d后接种木霉菌,当2种菌株生长处于稳定后,平板上绿僵菌生长距离略低于木霉菌生长距离1mm,土壤中绿僵菌孢子量高于木霉菌,木霉菌的生长优势减弱,绿僵菌生长速率提高,二者生长趋于平衡,可实现一定水平的共存。因此,需要深入研究木霉菌和绿僵菌在土壤中复杂的微生态关系,寻找避免两者直接生态竞争的关键技术,才能实现2种菌剂的协同使用。

Microecological Relationship Between Metarizium and Trichoderma in Artificial Medium and Soil

The relationship between Trichoderma and Metarhizium cultured on the plate and in soil were studied respectively.The growth of Trichoderma and Metarhizium and the interacting effect between the two strains were observed according to the morphological colony confrontation on plate and re-isolation test from soil when the strains of Trichoderma and Metarhizium were inoculated at different proportion simultaneously.The similar observation was conducted when Metarhizium was inoculated and cultured first followed by inoculating Trichoderma at different intervals.The results showed that when Trichoderma and Metarhizium were inoculated simultaneously at the ratio of 1:100,the average growth distance of Trichoderma was as 6 times as that of Metarhizium on the plate.Metarhizium hardly isolated from Trichoderma after culturing for 4 days in soil.Therefore,Trichoderma inhibited to Metarhizium growth significantly,and it was hard for Metarhizium to grow due to the dominant growth of Trichoderma.When Metarhizium was inoculated and cultured for 7 days before inoculating Trichoderma,the growth distance of Metarhizium was 1mm lower than that of Trichoderma,and the spores quantity of Metarhizium was higher than that of Trichoderma after the two strains were in a stable growth.The growth of Trichoderma turned to be weak and the growth rate of Metarhizium increased,consequently the growth of the two strains tended to be balanced,and it could achieve a certain level of co-existence.The thorough research need to be done further more in terms of the complex microbial ecological relationships between Trichoderma and Metarhizium in soil,in order to obtain the key techniques for avoiding the direct ecologic competition of the two strains and to realize the application of the two bio-control agents together synergistically.