水稻核心种质育种体系的构建

回顾中国超高产水稻育种概况,将中国的超级稻育种分为超高产水稻育种和超级稻育种两个阶段。构建水稻核心种质育种体系,从理论体系和育种材料体系两个方面进行论证。水稻核心种质育种体系是水稻育种理论与实践结合的产物,水稻核心种质是指具有某些优良性状的育种材料中,控制某些优良性状的特殊基因群体或基因系统,在品种改良过程中,它能够沿着育种目标置换和扩充基因群体,直至全面符合育种目标。建设水稻核心种质育种平台(产量性状育种研究部分),从水稻核心种质的遗传演变和理想遗传模型研究、影响产量基因的分子育种、栽培稻和野生稻高产基因的发掘、根系生物学育种研究4个方面展开遗传育种探索。

Construction of Rice Core Germplasm Breeding System

Super high yield rice breeding in China was reviewed.The super rice breeding was divided into two stages,including super high yielding rice breeding and super rice breeding.The construction of rice core germplasm breeding system was demonstrated from theoretical system and breeding materials.The rice core germplasm breeding system was the combining outcome of rice breeding theory and practice.The rice core germplasms were breeding materials with some excellent characters,controlling some excellent characters by special gene community or gene system,replacing along the breeding goals in process of quality improvement,and expanding gene community until comprehensively accorded with the breeding goals.The platform for rice core germplasm breeding was constructed(research for yield character breeding).Heredity breeding was studied in four parts,including hereditary evolvement of the rice core germplasm,research for ideal hereditary model,molecular breeding of effective yield gene and the discovery of high yield gene from cultivated rice and wild rice,and root biology breeding.