华南生态区超级稻育种的主要成就及未来发展趋势

中国超级稻研究项目启动至今,对促进我国的粮食增产,提升我国水稻育种水平发挥了重要作用。广东省农业科学院自1996年以来,作为中国超级稻研究项目主要发起和承担单位,承担了该项目的华南稻区超级稻选育研究工作。在开创水稻生态育种并取得显著成就的基础上,经过10年攻关,再创华南超级稻育种新辉煌。先后构建出"早长、根深"超级稻株型模式和华南广适应型优质超级稻株型模式;在优质超级晚稻育种和广适型超级稻育种方面率先取得重大突破;先后育成一批达标优质超级稻,主要代表品种有:品质可与泰国优质香米相媲美的优质超级稻品种胜泰1号、我国超级晚稻育种取得突破的先锋品种桂农占和大穗高结实的广适型超级稻品种玉香油占等,这些超级稻正迅速在生产上大面积推广应用,创造了显著的社会经济效益。

Primary Achievement and Developmental Trends of Super Rice Breeding in South China Ecological Region

China super rice research project has played an important role in increasing food production and improving rice breeding level in China since its initiation.As main initiating and undertaking unit of China super rice research project,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences has undertaken super rice breeding works of the project in South China since 1996.On the basis of initiation of rice ecological breeding and significant achievements,new splendor of super rice breeding in South China has been recreated after 10 years' hard work.Super rice plant type model of'early growth and deep roots' and wide adaptability and good quality super rice plant type model in South China were constructed successively;great breakthroughs have been made in good quality late super rice breeding and wide adaptability super rice breeding;a number of good quality super rice varieties have been developed,and main varieties include Shengtai 1,the quality being as good as good quality fragrant rice of Thailand,Guinongzhan,the pioneering variety that achieved breakthrough in late super rice breeding in China,and Yuxiangyouzhan,a wide adaptable super rice variety with big panicles and high setting percentage,etc.,and these super rice varieties are quickly adopted in production in large scale,creating significant social and economic benefits.