葡萄果穗附生微生物区系分析

对3个抗病性不同的葡萄品种贝达、夕阳红、87-1果穗附生微生物的分离计数和优势丝状真菌鉴定的结果表明，3个品种自幼果膨大期到成熟期，丝状真菌和酵母菌数量逐渐增加，细菌数量为先增加后下降；在幼果膨大期和着色期均为细菌占优势，成熟期时酵母菌占优势。不同品种在同一生育期酵母菌的出现频率和其他丝状真菌的种类及出现频率无明显差异，同一品种在不同生育期真菌的数量和种类差异显，幼果膨大期的优势丝状真菌为盾壳霉属，成熟期的优势丝状真菌为交链孢属、芽枝霉属和茎点霉属。筛选出一株生长速度快、能在葡萄果穗表面定殖的瘦果红酵母(Rhodotorula acheniorum)。

An Analysis on the Adnascent Microorganism Flora of Grape Fruit Spike

The amounts of adnascent microorganism and yeasts have been separated and the predominance of filamentous fungus on fruit spikes at different developmental stages among three varieties of grapes. The results showed that the amounts of filamentous fungus and yeasts increased gradually from the enlargement stage to the maturity stage, the amounts of germs increased first and then decreased. The germs had predominated in the inflation stage and the pigmentation stage, but in the maturity stage the yeasts had predominated. Different varieties showed no difference between the occurrence of yeasts and that of other kinds of filamentous fungus at same development stage. For the same variety, the difference between the amounts and kinds of fungus was remarkable. In the enlargement stage, the predominant filamentous fungus were Coniothyrium, in the maturity stage the predominant filamentous fungus were Alternaria, Cladosporium and Phoma. Rhodotorula acheniorum was selected because it grew rapidly and could be fixed on the surface of grape fruit spikes.