嫁接对薄皮甜瓜光合特性、产量与含糖量的影响

试验选用玉美人薄皮甜瓜(Cucum is m eloL.)作接穗,以圣砧1号白籽南瓜为砧木进行嫁接,以自根苗为对照,主要研究嫁接对薄皮甜瓜光合特性、产量及含糖量的影响。结果表明:嫁接明显地增加了薄皮甜瓜的总叶面积,嫁接植株茎蔓生长明显快于自根植株。各个时期嫁接植株各个器官干物重均高于自根植株。但嫁接对薄皮甜瓜叶片中叶绿素的含量影响不大,并且对植株生长发育各时期的功能叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间CO2浓度影响不明显。因此,嫁接主要是通过扩大植株的总叶面积来提高植株的光合速率的。另外,嫁接的增产效果显著,其平均单瓜重和单位面积产量均高于对照。嫁接薄皮甜瓜果实的内壁糖度和中心糖度均低于对照。

Effects of Grafting on Photosynthesis Characteristics, Yield and Sugar Content in Melon

Pumpkin Shengzhen 1 was used as rootstock for melon Yumeiren in this experiment,and the own-root plant was used as control.The effect of grafting on photosynthesis characteristics,yield and sugar content in melon were studied.The results showed that grafting had positive effect on expanding leaf area,increasing branch growth and promoting dry weight accumulation in various organs during melon development.However,the effect of grafting on chlorophyll content in leaves was small.The effects of grafting on the net photosynthetic rate of functional leaf,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_2 concentration were also small in each developing stage.Therefore,the photosynthetic rate of grafting plant increased mainly due to expanding total leaf area of melon plant.In addition,the average single fruit weight and unit area yield of grafted melon were higher than those of the own-root melon.However,the inwall and the central soluble sugar content of grafted melons was lower than that of the own-root melon.