大穗型超级杂交粳稻辽优3072产量结构及灌浆特性研究

对北方大穗型超级杂交粳稻辽优3072进行了产量结构和灌浆特性的研究。结果表明：辽优3072在产量结构上表现出了较强的杂交优势，比对照辽粳294增产明显。辽优3072在灌浆上的特点为穗上、中、下各部间干物质充实及灌浆速率差异较小：穗下部灌浆启动早，后期灌浆速率大；整穗表现出较强的持续灌浆能力。辽优3072良好的籽粒灌浆特性是其在产量上表现出超高产的生理基础之一。同时探讨了利用水稻杂交优势选育具有特异灌浆特性的杂交组合的育种思路以及在北方冷凉稻区推广大穗型超级杂交粳稻品种的可能性。

Yield Components and Grain-Filling Characters of Northern Large-Panicle Type Super Japonica Hybrid Rice Liaoyou3072

The yield components and grain filling characters of northern large panicle type super japonica hybrid rice Liaoyou 3072 were studied. The results indicated that the yield of Liaoyou 3072 was apparently higher than the CK Liaojing 294 and demonstrated a superiority. The grain filling characters of Liaoyou 3072 were the small differences of dry matter stuffing and grain filling rates in different parts of a panicle; the grain filling of low part of a panicle started early and grain filling rate at late stage was high; the continuous grain filling ability of the whole panicle was big. It also showed that the good grain filling character of Liaoyou 3072 was one of the physiological bases for the super high yield. The breeding idea of developing hybrid combination with special grain filling characters by using rice combining ability and the possibility of planting large panicle type super hybrid japonica rice in northern cold areas were discussed.