高粱若干株形性状与产量关系的研究

高粱的株形性状主要包括株高、叶角和叶向值等，这些性状在Ｆ１代均表现出明显的杂种优势，其中叶向值为负优势。株高的杂种优势最大，但在试验范围内株高与籽粒产量之间没有显著的相关性，今后育种中可适当降低株高。由于Ｆ１代叶角为正优势，叶向值为负优势，要获得紧凑型高粱杂交种就必须选择叶角更小、叶向值更大的亲本系。本试验中的紧凑型高粱（叶角小，叶向值大）没有表现出高产趋势，说明产量形成是较复杂的，既受株形因素的影响，也受其他性状的影响，超高产必须要实现株形性状与其他优良农艺性状的结合。

Relations Between Plant Type Characteristics and Grain Yield in Sorghum

The main plant type traits of sorghum, including plant height, leaf angle against stem and leaf orientation value, exhibited notable heterosis in F1 among which leaf orientation exhibited negative heterosis. Plant height height had the largest heterosis, but there was no significant correlation between plant height and grain yield within the experimental extent, which meant that sorghum plant height could be further lowered in future's hybrid breeding program.Because leaf angle had positive heterosis and leaf orientation value had negative heterosis, the tight plat type sorghum could be obtained by only using the parents with smaller leaf angle and larger leaf orientation value. In the present experiment the tight sorghum (smaller leaf angle and larger leaf orientation value ) did not have a trend of higher yielding, which indicated that yield formation was complicated. Sorghum yield was affected by plant type characteristics as well as other traits. So the breeding for super-high yielding sorghum requires the combination of good plant types with favorable agronomic characteristics.