木霉菌株Td31代谢产物对立枯丝核菌的拮抗作用

为了明确木霉菌株Td31代谢产物对植物病原真菌的拮抗作用,利用液体深层发酵法发酵木霉菌株Td31,过滤除菌制备代谢产物,采用生长速率法、显微观察法和盆栽试验法,研究了木霉菌株Td31代谢产物对立枯丝核菌的菌抗作用.结果表明:木霉菌株Td31的代谢产物可抑制立枯丝核菌菌丝的生长及菌核形成和萌发.其中以代谢产物稀释1倍处理的抑菌作用最强,菌丝生长抑菌率高达87.7%,并可完全抑制菌核的形成,菌核萌发抑制率为56.7%.随着木霉菌代谢产物浓度的降低其抑菌效果也随之下降,差异极显著.经木霉菌株Td31代谢产物处理的菌丝原生质浓缩、细胞质外溢、空胞化、细胞壁消解、菌丝斛体.盆栽防病试验结果表明,木霉菌株Td31代谢产物浸种可以有效地防治茄子立枯病,用发酵液原液浸种,防病效果可达69.8%.代谢产物浓度越高,防病效果越好.代谢产物经121℃处理20min后,对抑菌活性和防病效果无明显影响,代谢产物中的主要抑菌活性物质可能是耐高温的抗生素.

The Antagonism of Metabolite by Trichoderma.Td31 to Rhizoctonia solani

The metabolite from Trichoderma.Td31 was prepared based on submerged fermentation and removing microorganism by filtration in order to definite its antagonism effect to plant pathogen. The antagonism to Rhizoctonia solani was studied by growth rate, microscopy observation and pot experiment. The resulted indicated the metabolite of Trichoderma.Td31inhibited the mycelial growth, sclerotium formation and germination of R. solani. The metabolite Diluted one time had the highest inhibitory effects which inhibitory rate of mycelial growth reached 87.7 %,no sclerotium formed and inhibitory rate of sclerotium was 56.7%. The inhibition effect decreased with the reduction of metabolite concentration obviously. The hyphae treated by metabolite occurred protoplasm atrophy, cytoplasm spillover and cavitation, cell wass digestion and at last it disintegrated. The seedling blight of eggplant was controlled effectively by soaking seeds with metabolite of Td31.The higher the concentration of metabolite used, the better the diseased controlled and the protection effect of original fermentation broth was up to 69.8%. There was obvious change in antifungal activity and controll effect after the metabolite was treated for 20 mins in 121℃ showing that the active component in metabolite of Td31 could be antibiotics with high temperature resistance.