不同玉米自交系品质性状的遗传特性

采用8个典型玉米自交系及其组配的28个双列杂交组合(不含反交)为试材,对玉米自交系品质性状的遗传特性与产量的相关性进行了研究。结果表明:油分含量、淀粉含量的狭义遗传力与广义遗传力差异较小,主要受基因加性效应影响,可以在早代进行表型混合选择;而蛋白质含量受基因加性效应和非加性效应共同影响,其狭义遗传力与广义遗传力差异较大,以晚世代选择为好。各品质性状与产量均呈负相关,在同一组合中同时提高淀粉含量、蛋白质含量和油分含量非常困难,选育专用型品种的育种策略是品质育种的有效途径。

Genetic Characteristics and Correlation Analysis on Quality Trait of Inbreds in Maize

The genetic characteristics of quality trait and correlation with yield for maize inbred have been studied by using dual crosses of 8 inbreds and their corresponding 28 crosses. The results showed that heretableility in the narrow sense and heretability in the broad sense of oil content and starch content were very little different since their addtive genetic effect was stronger. So oil and starch content could be selected by phenotype in early generation. The protein content was addtive and non-additive co-effected. Its heretability in the narrow sense and heretability in the broad sense were significant different.They could be selected in high generation. All qaulity traits had negative correlationship with yield. It is very difficult to increase starch, protein and oil content simultaneously. The breeding strategy for selection of specialty variety is sn effective method for maize breeding.