云南稻种主要性状多样性分布中心及其规律研究

以云南省地州和县为单位对６１２１份云南地方稻种及其优异种质６０多人性状进行多样性和密度分布规律研究表明：（１）云南是中国稻种最大的遗传和生态多样性中心及优异资源的富集地区，尤其是滇西南的临沧、西双版纳、德宏、思茅和滇东南的文山共５个地州１３个县构成了云南稻种多样性中心，其稻种的多样性与生态多样性和民族的多样性息息相关，并与哈尼族善制梯田栽培稻谷有一定联系。（２）临沧地区不仅是云南稻种最大的遗传多样

Law and Center of Diversity of Main Characters of Indigenous Rice(Oryza sativa L.) in Yunnan

More than 60 characters of 6121 of Yunnan rice and good germplasm were studied by county or automomous prefecture to find out their distribution law of diversity and density.The results show as follow:(1) Yunnan Province is the largest center of ecological and genetic diversity and is rich in good resources in China. Especially the 13 counties in southwestern (Lincang, Xishuangbanna,Dehong and Simao) and southeastern(Wenshan) Yunnan Province forms the largest centre of genetic diversity of Yunnan rice.Their diversity is closely related to the ecological and ethical diversity, and partly related to the terraces to cultivate rice by Hani nationality.(2) Lincang prefecture is not only the largest centre of genetic diversity of Yunnan rice but also the center of five stage classification characters of Dingying and Chang's japonica subspecies (Javanica, Nuda,Communis).Moiang is the distribution centre over 40 characters of Yunnan rice.(3) There is great difference in diversity and distribution centre on morphological and spike part characters(grains and rice quality) and resistance (to disease and insect,drought and cold damage). Diversity and distribution centre of synthetic characters is relatively concentrated in the Southwestern of Yunnan.Here, ecological diversity plays an important role; the grain and rice quality characters are relatively disperse,because of the synthetic functionary results between ecological domestication and artificial selection.(4) Phylogenesis law of purple, fragrnant and soft rice resouces in Yunnan is closely correlated with environment domestication and national utilization. (5) Their general uptrend between the distribution law of the primary core collection and Yunnan local resources is consistent,i.e. it is relatively credible to the sampling principle, method and technological system of core collection in Yunnan rice.