紫陀螺菌菌株的分离及鉴定

采用5种培养基配方，对紫陀螺菌子实体不同生长期的不同部位及菌根、菌索进行组织分离，结果从子实体得到的菌丝生长缓慢，菌丝致密，从菌根和菌索得到的菌丝生长快，絮状不致密。以紫陀螺菌干子实体DNA为参照样品，对得到的相关分离纯培养物进行亲菌鉴定。供试的26条随机引物中，有8条对所有供试样品可扩增出清晰、稳定的DNA指纹图谱，且从子实体分离得到的菌丝体DNA指纹与干子实体的基本一致。聚类分析结果表明，从子实体不同生长期得到的2个菌株相似系数0.979，它们与干子实体间的相似系数为0.884，从菌根和菌索得到的分离物与干子实体间的相似系数为0.389。结果表明，从子实体分离得到的2个菌株与对照物相似度最高，可以认定是紫陀螺菌的纯培养物。

Isolation and Identification of Gomphus purpuraceus

Gomphus purpuraceus is an important rare mycorrhizal edible fungus. It is very difficult to identify the isolates by fruiting. The tissue isolation from different parts of different developmental phases of fruiting body and mycorrhiza was made with 5 media. The results showed that mycelia from fruiting body grew very slowly and thickly, mycelia from mycorrhiza and rhizomorph grew quickly and thinly. Out of 5 media, medium D was optimal medium for tissue isolation. The isolates from different resources were appraised through DNA fingerprinting in comparison with that of dry basidiocarps of G. purpuraceus, and RAPD patterns were sharp and stable by 8 random primers. The results suggested that isolates from fruiting body had the same DNA fingerprinting patterns as that of the basidiocarps tissues (such as pileus and stipe), whose similarity coeffecient was 0. 884. However, the RAPD patterns of the isolates from mycorrhiza and rhizomorph were different from the others (including the basidiocarps tissues). These results further revealed that some isolates from fruiting body were real isolates of G. purpuraceus and the isolates from mycorrhiza and rhizomorph were not real isolates of the G. purpuraceus.