湖北省太阳能资源时空分布特征及区划研究

利用武汉、宜昌等7个站点1961~2004年逐年、逐月太阳总辐射与日照百分率资料,采用最小二乘法确定湖北省太阳总辐射计算公式参数,推算出广大无辐射观测地区的逐年、逐月太阳总辐射;结合日照时数、晴天日数、阴天日数等指标,对湖北省太阳能资源的时空分布特征及气候变化趋势进行了分析;以全国太阳能资源区划为基础,制定了湖北省太阳能资源区划指标,开展了湖北省太阳能区划工作。结果表明:湖北太阳能资源北多南少,同纬度相比,平原多,山区少;太阳能资源夏季最丰富,尤其是8月,总辐射、日照时数、晴天日数均为全年最高,湖北东部秋季大气层结稳定,太阳能资源仅次于夏季;冬季虽然晴天较多,但由于太阳直射南半球,夜长昼短,总辐射全年最低。将全省太阳能资源分为3个区,鄂东北7~12月每月有近一半或以上的晴天,为1级可利用区,也是湖北太阳能资源最佳区域;江汉平原、鄂东南、鄂北岗地部分地区等地为2级可利用区,是光电与光生物质能综合利用的最佳区域;鄂西南、长江河谷地区为太阳能贫乏区。

The Characteristic Analysis and Division Research of Solar Energy Resources in Hubei Province

The parameters of the formula for calculating total solar radiation in Hubei were derived through least square method by using yearly and monthly data of solar total radiation,sunshine percentage from 7 meteorogical stations such as Wuhan,Yichang etc.from 1961 to 2000.And then,yearly and monthly solar total radiation in the region without solar radiaton observing records was calculated,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of solar energy resources and the trends of climate change in Hubei were analysed in detail according to the criteria of sunshine duration,count of clear-sky,count of overcast-sky and so on,the division criterion of solar resources was established to divide the solar energy resources in Hubei based on the countrywide division of solar energy resources.Analysis results indicated:comparing with southern Hubei,there are more the solar energy resources in northern Hubei.there are more solar energy resources in plain area in comparason to mountainous area at the same latitude.The solar energy resources of summertime are most abundant,especially in August when solar total radiation,sunshine duration,count of clear-sky are all highest in a year.In eastern Hubei,the solar energy resources in autumn is only inferior to those in summer because of the stable atmospheric stratification.Although the count of clear-sky is a little more in winter,solar total radiation is least in a year because the sun directly irradiates in southern hemisphere and daytime is shorter than nighttime.Solar energy resources are distributed 3 regions,and northeast Hubei is the best region for exploring light energy in because from July to December there are almost 15 clean sky days or more every month.Northeast Hubei is called as level 1 available region.Jianghan plain,southeast Hubei and the hillock places in northern Hubei are called as level 2 available region.They are all optimal regions for the integrative utilization of light-electricity and light-biological energy.Northwest and the valley of Yangtze River are Unavailable region of light energy.