鲢人工雌核二倍体群体的产生及其遗传分析

选用遗传失活兴国红鲤的精子作为雌核发育激活源 ,成功地诱导了鲢雌核发育并获得 3个自然加倍的雌核发育二倍体群体。鲢的单倍体诱导率最高达 96 .9% ,自然加倍率最高达 0 .4 4 3%。经分析鉴定 ,雌核发育单倍体胚胎具有 2 4条染色体。而鲢的染色体为 4 8,兴国红鲤为 10 0。雌核二倍体鲢都具有 2套完整的母本染色体 (2n =4 8) ,外部形态性状与亲本鲢完全相同。这些结果表明 ,雌核发育后代的遗传物质来源于母本 ,无父本遗传物质参与。

The Production and Genetic Analysis of the Artificial Gynogenetic Diploid in Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)

Using irradiative sperm of red common carp as an activator, three groups of thegynogenetic diploid silver carpwere successfully obtained by artificial gynogenesisand spontaneous diploidization.The highest inducing rate of haploid silver carp could be reached to 96.9%,and the highest production rate of spontaneously gynogenetic diploid was 0.443% . Chromosomes of gynogenetic offsprings and their parents were analysed, and results showed that there were 48 chromosomes in silver carp, 100 in XingGuo red carp, and 24 in haploid embryo cell of silver carp. The gynogenetic individuals reproduced by spontaneousdiploidization possesse 2 sets of complete maternal chromosomes (2n=48), and their morphological traits were identical with the maternal silver carp. These results showed that all genetic materials of gynogenetic offspring were completely from the maternal parent.