循环流水池塘养殖系统浮游植物群落结构与特征

研究了循环流水池塘养殖系统和静态池塘养殖系统中浮游植物的种类组成、数量和生物量、多样性特征及群落相似性等,结果表明:养殖初期(6月),循环流水系统中池塘(循环塘)和静态养殖系统中池塘(对照塘)浮游植物的种类组成和数量没有明显差异,均以盘星藻、直链藻占优势,种类相似性水平较高,Jaccard指数在71.2%～83.3%之间变化,生物量在35.3～51.4 mg/L之间变动.但在养殖中后期(7～10月),两者差异明显:(1)优势藻类不同,循环塘以小环藻、衣藻、隐藻和裸藻等占优势,而对照塘则以微囊藻、席藻等占优势,种类相似性水平较低,Jaccard指数在40.3%～62.1%之间变化;(2)两者浮游植物数量也存在差异,对照塘波动变化大,循环塘相对较小;(3)循环塘浮游植物的Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数均大于对照塘.聚类分析表明对照塘和循环塘群落相似性水平较低.表明该系统能够改变藻类组成,抑制微囊藻水华暴发,并能调控藻类数量,防止其过度繁殖,保持浮游植物多样性,使池塘生态系统更趋稳定,有利于水产养殖.

Characteristics of Phytonplankton Community Structure in a Recirculating Aquaculture System

The species composition,richness and biomass,community diversity,and similarity of communities of phytonplankton were studied from June to October 2006 in a recirculating aquaculture system which employed constructed wetlands to treat the wastewater and a control aquaculture system without adscititious water treating establishments.The results showed that the community structure of phytonplankton had no obvious difference among the fishponds of both systems in June,the initial stage of aquaculture.Their dom...