团头鲂种质资源及遗传改良研究进展

团头鲂作为中国特有的优良草食性鱼类,现已成为主要淡水水产养殖品种之一。然而多年来的人工繁殖、过度捕捞、环境污染等因素,导致团头鲂种质资源出现混杂并受到衰退的威胁,开展团头鲂种质资源保护和遗传改良研究势在必行。本文总结了团头鲂形态学、细胞遗传学、分子群体遗传学和基因组等种质资源研究方面的成果,并简要概括了杂交育种、选择育种、雌核发育等方法在团头鲂遗传改良方面所取得的进展,以期为团头鲂种业的可持续发展提供基础资料。

Research advances on germplasm resources and genetic improvement of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) is an herbivorous freshwater fish native to China and has been recognized as a main aquaculture species in the Chinese freshwater polyculture system with high economic value.However,as a consequence of fast domestication,over-fishing and water pollution,germplasm resources of M.amblycephala are under threat of recession.It is urgent to study its germplasm resources and genetic improvement.The present paper summarized the major results in studies on morphology,cytogenetics,molecular population genetics and genomics of M.amblycephala,as well as the progress on its genetic improvement through hybridization,selective breeding and gynogenesis techniques,which would offer the basic resources for the sustainable development of M.amblycephalaseed industry.