中古时期西域食物的传入与本土化

在中西交通发展的视野下,中古时期西域食物的东传大概可分为两汉、魏晋南北朝和隋唐三个阶段。丝路初兴的汉代是西域食物的初传时期。魏晋南北朝时期,来自西域的农林作物在北方推广种植,饮食结构与烹饪方法也受到内迁少数民族的影响,呈现出胡汉融合的特点。唐代海陆交通发达,品种繁多的西域食物不仅从陆路输入长安,也从海上传入广州,胡食的兴盛反映了唐代社会的胡风文化影响,饮食结构和烹饪方法呈现出南北融合的新特点。

Introduction and Localization of Western Food in Medieval China

From the perspective of traffic development between China and the West,the eastward spread of western food in Medieval China can be divided into such three stages as Han dynasties,Wei Jin,Southern and Northern dynasties and Sui and Tang dynasties.The Han Dynasty,when Silk Road first flourished,was the first period of food transmission.During the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern dynasties,agricultural and forestry crops from the Western Regions were popularized and planted in the north,where people’s diet structure and cooking methods were also influenced by those immigrated ethnic minorities,showing the characteristics of Hu-Han integration.In Tang Dynasty,land and sea transportation was developed,and a wide variety of western food was imported into Chang’an and Guangzhou through the sea route.The prosperity of Hu food reflected the influence of Hu style culture in Tang Dynasty,and the diet structure and cooking methods showed the new characteristics of North-South integration.