近代以来凉山彝族地区的农业生产及其动力

凉山彝族地区的农业生产,既是近代中国农村经济发展的一个缩影,又有自身特点。在生产条件上,基本继承了传统因素,既反映了传统农作经验的延续性,也是人多地少、劳动力水平低下的被动选择。与此同时,虽然面临社会变迁与外在力量的推动,但农具、种植、灌溉以及畜力等方面的现代因素少有出现。在农作物结构以及粮食产量方面,仍以传统粮食作物为主,粮食总产量有缓慢的增加。在畜牧业发展的过程中,畜牧产品作为贸易中的主要交换物,发挥着重要作用,畜牧业作为经济发展的一大动力,客观上促进了凉山彝族地区的商业往来。随着人口增加和劳动力的大量投入,农业生产得到一定程度的发展,农民的生存环境较之前有所改善,但农民一直处于贫困状态,直至新中国成立以后才有所好转。

Agricultural Production and Its Driving Force in Liang Shan Yi Ethnic Area During the Modern Times

Agricultural production in Liangshan Yi area was an epitome of rural economic development in modern China with its own characteristics.In terms of production conditions,it inherited traditional factors,which not only reflected the continuity of traditional farming experience,but also the passive choice of more people and less land and low labor force.At the same time,driven by social changes and external forces,modern factors such as farm tools,crops and animal power rarely appeared.In terms of crop structure and grain yield,traditional grain crops were still the main crop,and the total grain output increased slowly.In the process of animal husbandry development,animal husbandry products,as the main exchange in trade,played an important role.As a major driving force of economic development,animal husbandry objectively promoted commercial exchanges in the Liangshan Yi ethnic area.With the increase of population and large input of labor force,the grain output increased and the living environment of farmers improved,but the farmers remained poor until the new regime was established.