杂交水稻基因型与主要性状稳定性研究

杂交稻单株产量，谷草比，株高，精米率及每穗实粒数基因型与环境互作主要表现线性反应，而单株草重，单株有效穗数，每穗着粒数，结实率，千粒重，播种到始穗天数，糙米率及整精米率主要表现非线反应。不同基因型间各性状稳定性的构成方式及主要特点各不相同，这是基因型间稳定性差异的主要原因。杂交稻产量稳定性主要受播种到始穗天数，单株草重，谷草比，单株有效穗及每穗着粒数稳定性的综合影响。

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENOTYPES OF HYBRID RICE AND THE STABILITY OF THEIR MAIN CHARACTERS

Eberhart-Russell's Model was cmploycd to estimate the yield and stability parameter Bi and S_(di)~2, at five growth phases of sixteen hybrid rice varicties. The relationship between gcnotype and character stability and the main factors affecting yield stability of hybrid rice were also studied. The results showed a significant liqear rcsponse of yield per plant, grain, straw ratio, plant height, milled rice rate and full grains per panicle to genotype-environment interaction. A non-linear response existed of straw weight, panicles per plant, grains per panicle, seed setting rate, 1,000-grain-wcight, days from sowing to initial heading, brown rice rate and whole milled rice rate to genotype-cnvironmcnt interaction. The mode of composition of each charactcr stability and its major characteristics varied with genotypes and constituted the main causes for the stability differences among the gcnotypes. Yield stability in hybrid rice varieties was believed to be affected chiefly by the stability in days from sowing to initial hcading, straw wcight per plant, grain, straw ratio, productive paniclcs per plant and seed number per panicle.