空气污染视角下中国工业能源环境效率的空间效应及其影响因素研究

工业能源消耗是温室气体排放的主要来源,提高工业能源环境效率是缓解当前气候变化问题的重要途径.从空气污染的视角出发,将工业CO_2、工业SO_2和工业PM_(10)3种污染物排放作为非期望产出,采用非径向方向距离函数测算了1998-2014年中国30个省域的工业能源环境效率,检验了其空间相关性并通过空间计量回归模型分析了中国工业能源环境效率的主要影响因素.研究结果表明:中国工业能源环境效率整体处于上升趋势,但区域差异显著,东部和中部地区的工业能源环境效率显著高于西部地区;中国工业能源环境效率存在正向空间相关性,西部多数省域处于低集聚区;环境规制是影响中国工业能源环境效率的重要因素,应协同推动经济高质量发展与生态环境高水平保护,改善能源消费结构和国有企业股份制改革,有助于提高中国工业行业的能源环境效率.

On the Spatial Effects of China's Industrial Energy Environment Efficiency and Their Influencing Factors: A Perspective of Air Pollution

Industrial energy consumption is the main source of greenhouse gas emission, and it is an important way for mitigating the current climate change to improve the industrial energy environment efficiency. Focusing on air emissions and taking industrial CO₂, SO₂ and PM₁₀ emissions as undesired outputs, this paper uses the non-radial directional distance function to measure China''s industrial energy environmental efficiency in 30 provinces from 1998 to 2014 and employs a spatial econometric regression model to analyze its spatial autocorrelation and influencing factors. The research results show that China''s industrial energy environment efficiency presents an upward trend as a whole, however, significant differences exist in different regions, with the industrial energy environment efficiency of the eastern and central regions significantly higher than that of the western regions; that China''s industrial energy environment efficiency has a significant positive spatial correlation, and most provinces of the western region exhibit a low-low assemble; that environmental regulations are an important influencing factor for China''s industrial energy environment efficiency, and China should promote a high-quality economic development and a high-level protection of the ecological environment coordinately; and that the improvement of energy consumption structure and the shareholding system reform of state-owned enterprises can help to increase China''s industrial energy environment efficiency.