河北省县域相对贫困度空间分异及影响因素分析

区域贫困一直是困扰人类社会发展的重要问题,综合分析县域相对贫困度对更好地实施扶贫攻坚战略具有重要意义.以经济发展水平测量河北省县域相对贫困度,并采用空间自相关法分析空间特征,基于此运用地理探测器方法探测区域贫困影响因素,为加快县域脱贫步伐、精准脱贫建议的提出提供参考.结果表明:①河北省县域相对贫困度空间分布差异显著,相对贫困度较高的县主要分布在冀西北、冀中和冀中南地区,且区域内有少数潜在贫困县分布,相对贫困度较低的县主要分布在冀东和冀中部分地区;②地理探测器分析发现,地区生产总值、固定社会资产投资、公共财政预算收入等7个因子对县域相对贫困度影响显著,且因子之间交互作用明显;③区域发展过程中,在结合区域自然社会经济实际状况下,应针对性地提出相应扶贫策略,逐步实现区域协调发展.

Analysis of Relative Poverty Degree of the Counties of Hebei Province and Its Influencing Factors

Regional poverty has always been an important issue that has plagued the development of human society. Comprehensively comparing the relative poverty degree of the counties is of great significance to better implementing the poverty alleviation strategies. In a study reported herein, the relative poverty degree of the counties in Hebei province is measured by their economic growth level, and spatial autocorrelation is used to analyze its spatial characteristics. Based the results, the geodetector method is used to detect the influencing factors of regional poverty, so as to provide reference for the formation of proposals of targeted poverty alleviation and to speed up the pace of the county poverty alleviation work. The results show that the spatial distribution of the relative poverty degree of the counties in Hebei province is quite different, and the counties with high relative poverty degree are mainly distributed in the northwestern, middle, and mid-southern regions of the province, and there are some potential poverty-stricken counties in these regions, while the counties with low relative poverty degree are mainly distributed in eastern Hebei and some parts of middle Hebei. Geodetector analysis indicates that 7 factors, including regional GDP, fixed social asset investment, public finance budget revenue and 4 others, have significant impact on county relative poverty, and the interaction between them is significant. Therefore, in the process of regional development, it is necessary to put forward corresponding poverty alleviation strategies in light of the local conditions and natural economic conditions so as to realize a coordinated development of the regions.