薄壳山核桃雄花花芽分化的解剖学研究

为掌握薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoinensis)雄花花芽分化规律,采用石蜡切片方法从显微水平上对浙江建德薄壳山核桃花芽发育过程各阶段特征进行观察,结果表明:3月中下旬分化初期,雄花芽与叶芽无区别;3月下旬鳞片分化期,花序基部逐渐形成突起,进入鳞片化阶段;4月上旬苞片分化期,雄花序自上而下形成弯月形苞片原基,花序顶部呈馒头状;4月中旬进入雄花原基分化期,由苞片基部逐渐形成突起状雄花原基;4月下旬雄蕊原基出现,形成雄蕊原基,产生花药;4月下旬至5月上旬花药分化形成期,花药内形成花粉囊,花粉散出,花序凋谢.

Morphological Observation of Staminate Flower Bud Differentiation of Pecan (Carya illinoensis)

The female and male flowers of Carya illinoinensis mature at different times. Therefore, its yield is low and its quality is poor. To solve this problem, we used the paraffin-sectioning method and made microscopic observation of the characteristics at every stage of its floral bud development. The results showed that there was no difference between male flower bud and leaf bud at the early stage of differentiation in mid-late March. In the late stage of scale differentiation, a bulge was gradually formed at the base of the inflorescence and the stage of scale formation began. In the early stage of sepal differentiation, falcate sepal primordia were formed from top to bottom along the male inflorescence and the top of the inflorescence had a taro-like shape. The primordium differentiation stage of the male flower was in mid-April, and primordia were gradually formed from the base of the sac. The stamen primordia appeared in late April, and anthers were formed. From the end of April to the beginning of May, the anthers were formed during the differentiation period, the pollen sac was formed in the anthers, the pollen was scattered, and the inflorescences withered.