贵州古茶园调查及其茶树的理化成分分析

为更好地保护和利用贵州古茶树资源,采用查阅文献记载后结合实地调查方法,对黔南州、黔东南州和铜仁地区古茶园的分布、生境及茶树种质生长势、形态特征、抗逆性和利用现状等进行调查,对古茶园茶树的内含成分进行理化分析。结果表明:在调查的18个古茶园中,海拔,贵定县岩下乡铁索岩村茶山组最高,达1 574m,从江县西山镇滚郎村最低,仅268m,其中,<500m的古茶园1个,占5.6%;500～1 000m的古茶园7个,占38.9%;>1 000m的古茶园10个,占总数的55.6%。类型,野生型古茶园12个,占66.7%;栽培型古茶园6个,占35.7%。生态环境,植被较丰富,大部分野生型古茶园周围均有古树。茶树叶片理化成分,17个样品水浸出物、咖啡碱、氨基酸和茶多酚含量平均分别为47.7%、3.87%、2.6%和36.7%,儿茶素组分为EC

Distribution of Old Tea Gardens and Their Physicochemical Components

The distribution,habitat and current utilization status of old tea gardens and their growth vigor,morphological characteristics,adversity resistance were investigated by consulting literatures and field survey to further protect and utilize old tea resources in Guizhou.The results showed that the highest elevation and lowest elevation of the old tea gardens in 18 investigated old tea gardens was 1 574 m and 268 m.The number of old tea gardens with <500 m,500~1 000 m and >1 000 m was 1,7 and 10,accounting for 5.6%,38.9% and 55.6% of total investigated old tea gardens respectively.The number of the wild old tea garden and cultivation old tea garden was 12 and 6,accounting for 66.7% and 33.3% separately.There were many old trees around most wild old tea gardens.The average content of water extract,polyphenols,amino acids and caffeine form 17 tea samples was 47.7%,3.87%,2.6% and 36.7% respectively.The composition of catechin was EC