贵州省紫云县不同等级烟叶化学成分的变化特征

为优化烤烟生产技术措施、改善烟叶品质,采用方差分析方法对贵州省紫云县2009—2015年B2F、C3F和X2F等级烟叶的主要化学成分特征变化规律进行分析。结果表明:紫云县烟叶化学成分基本在优质烤烟适宜范围,总体协调性较好。其中,B2F等级烟叶的还原糖含量和两糖比年度间差异显著;C3F等级烟叶的总氮含量年度间差异显著,两糖比年度间差异极显著;X2F等级烟叶的总氮含量年度间差异显著,钾氯比和两糖比年度间差异极显著;中、下部烟叶的总糖、还原糖及钾含量,氮碱比和糖碱比显著高于上部烟叶,总氮及烟碱含量随烟叶部位升高而增加,钾含量、糖碱比、钾氯比和氮碱比随烟叶部位升高而降低。2009—2015年上部烟叶的烟碱含量总体呈下降趋势,下部烟叶略呈上升趋势,中部烟叶较稳定。

Changes Characteristics of Chemical Components in Different Grades of Tobacco Leaves in Ziyun County of Guizhou Province

In order to optimize the technical measures in flue-cured tobacco production and improve the tobacco leaf quality,variance analysis and multiple comparisons were employed to analyze the changes of main chemical components of B2F,C3F and X2F grades in Ziyun County of Guizhou Province from 2009 to 2015.Results:The average chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco in Ziyun county was almost in the normal range of high quality flue-cured tobacco,which indicated that the flue-cured tobacco in Ziyun County had appropriate content of chemical components,and the overall coordination was good.Reducing sugar and ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar of B2F leaves among years showed significant difference;Total nitrogen content in C3F leaves varied significantly among years,and the ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar showed highly significant difference;Total nitrogen content in X2F leaves showed significant difference,and the K-Cl ratio and ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar were of very significant difference;Contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium,ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and ratio of sugar to nicotine of middle and lower leaves were significantly higher than that of upper leaves,contents of total nitrogen and nicotine increased with leaf position rising.Nevertheless,potassium content,ratio of sugar to nicotine,K-Cl ratio and ratio of nitrogen to nicotine displayed the contrary tendency.Nicotine content in upper leaves during 2009-2015 showed a decreasing trend in general,that in lower leaves displayed an increasing trend slightly,in middle leaves the nicotine content was stable.