播种深度和播种机具对机播玉米生长及产量的影响

为西南生态区玉米机械化生产提供依据,以仲玉3号为供试品种,研究不同播种深度(5cm,8cm)、播种机具(ZHSB-10中型播种机、2B-2小型播种机)对机播玉米生长发育、产量及构成因素的影响。结果表明:玉米的出苗率、株高整齐度、植株多数农艺性状等均以播种深度5cm的较高;随着玉米的生长发育,播种深度对玉米农艺性状的影响逐渐变小;播种深度对空秆率、双穗率、倒伏率和倒折率等影响较小,5cm播种深度能小幅度提高机播玉米产量及多数产量性状。不同的播种机具对机播玉米出苗率、株高整齐度和生长发育的各阶段农艺性状、空秆率、双穗率、倒伏率、倒折率、产量及产量构成性状等影响均较小。

Effects of Different Sowing Depth and Sowing Machines on Growth and Yield of Mechanical Sowing Maize

To provide references for corn mechanized production of south west ecotope, Taking maize variety Zhongyu 3 as the experimental variety, the authors explored the efforts of different sowing depths (5 cm and 8 cm) and different seeders(ZHSB-10 medium seeder, 2B-2 small seeder) on growth and development, grain yield and yield components.Results: Emergence rate, uniformity of plant height and most of agronomic traits of the 5 cm sowing depth were higher than that of 8 cm, with the growth and development of maize, the effects of sowing depth on agronomic traits gradually decreased.The effects of sowing depth on empty stalk rate, double spike rate, lodging rate, rupture rate were small.The 5 cm sowing depth could slightly improve the yield and most yield traits of mechanical sowing maize.The effects of different sowing machines on the emergence rate, uniformity of plant height, most of the agronomic traits, empty stalk rate, double spike rate, lodging rate, rupture rate, the yield and most yield traits were small.