波尔山羊与贵州黑山羊杂交的改良效果

为了探明波尔山羊与贵州黑山羊杂交对其后代生长性能的影响,以及在人工草地和荒山放牧饲养方式下的生长变化,以波尔山羊为父本(♂)与贵州黑山羊为母本(♀)进行杂交(贵州纯种黑山羊为对照),对其初生重、3月龄、6月龄和12月龄羊的体重、体尺等生长性能进行测定和比较。结果表明:1)杂交F1代羔羊的体重较贵州纯种黑山羊后代的平均体重增加53.89%,3月龄、6月龄和12月龄的体重、体高、体长和胸围均得到明显提高,综合性能得到很好改善。2)通过比较人工草地放牧与荒山放牧饲养方式下的改良效果发现,在人工草地上的杂交优势更为明显。说明,杂交优势是否得到充分发挥与饲养方式密切相关,在饲草较为丰富、活动相对受限的人工草地放牧饲养方式下,波尔山羊与贵州黑山羊的杂交优势更明显。

Hybrid Effects of Boer Goat and Guizhou Black Goat

In order to understand the growth performance improvement of Guizhou black goat through cross with Boer goat,the female black goat from artificial grassland and wilderness were crossed with male Boer goat,then the weight,stature,stem length and chest circumference of the descendants were detected when they were born and 3,6 and 12 months old.The results showed that: 1) Compared with the descendants of Guizhou black goats the average body weight of F1 hybrid lambs was increased by 53.89%,the weight,stature,stem length and chest circumference of 3,6 and 12 months old of the descendants were all significantly enhanced.Moreover,the comprehensive performance was improved.2) The hybrid effects was more significant under artificial grassland raising model than under wilderness raising model.All above indicated that the heterosis was closely related to raising model,if activities limited,the heterosis of Boer goat and Guizhou black goat was especially significant when they were raised on artificial grasslan with abundant forage grass.