遵义市水稻土养分状况与变化趋势

由于农业生产模式、施肥方式的巨大变化,全国第二次土壤普查数据已不能反映目前土壤养分状况。为了摸清水稻土土壤养分现状,2002~2006年遵义市开展了大规模的土壤养分分析检测工作,结果表明:遵义水稻土酸化明显,有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷含量明显增加,有机质、全氮、全磷含量达丰富水平,速效磷达中等水平;部分土壤全钾、速效钾含量下降,生产条件较好的地区土壤全钾、速效钾下降明显,钾含量目前还处于中等水平。遵义市水稻土壤应坚持减氮、稳磷、增钾的施肥方针,提高钾肥的施用水平,保持钾肥年施用量在20~30 kg/667m2左右。

Current Situation of Soil Nutrient in Rice Fields and Its Change Trend in Zunyi City

The soil nutrients in rice fields were determined in Zunyi city during 2002 -2006 to understand its current situation. The results showed that the soil acidification was obvious, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and active phosphorus were raised significantly, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus reached the abundant level, the active phosphorus was at the middle level, the contents of total potassium and active potassium in better production condition areas were obviously reduced and the potassium content was at the middle level. The application measures should include reducing nitrogen application amount, balancing phosphorus application amount and applying 20 - 30 kg/667m^2 of potassium annually for rice fields in Zunyi city.