农地整理前后生态系统服务价值变化测算

农地整理工程改变了整理区的土地利用类型,使其原生态系统的能量流、物质流和信息流发生改变,进而导致生态系统服务价值发生变化。依据不同的地貌类型,在湖北省境内选取3个典型项目作为研究对象,测算了农地整理前后项目区的生态系统服务价值。研究结果表明:新增耕地数量最多的是"竹山项目"、净增348.84 hm2,居中的是"当阳项目"、净增62.32 hm2,最少的是"钟祥项目"、净增44.27 hm2。3个农地整理项目区的生态系统服务价值都发生损失,"竹山项目"净减271.0×104元/年,"当阳项目"净减51.0×104元/年,"钟祥项目"净减8.0×104元/年。不同地貌类型项目区的单项生态系统服务价值损失存在较大差异,"竹山项目"的气体调节价值损失最大,"当阳项目"的气体调节价值损失最小;"竹山项目"的食物生产价值增加11.0×104元/年,"钟祥项目"增加1.0×104元/年。研究得到的政策启示:农地整理目标必须从新增耕地数量向更加注重耕地质量和生态环境转变,紧紧围绕和考虑生产、生活和生态,实施数量、质量、生态三位一体的整理模式。

Estimation of ecosystem services value change in the agricultural land consolidation projects area

The agricultural land consolidation project changed the land use type of the consolidation area,making energy flow,material flow,and information flow change of the original ecosystem,and make the ecosystem services value changed.According to different physiognomy,the "Dangyang Project" located in plain areas,"Zhongxiang Project" located in hilly areas,"Zhushan Project" located in the low mountain areas were selected as study area.Based on the change of land use types,Costanza’s method of evaluating the world’s ecosystem services and the Chinese ecosystem services value per unit area of different ecosystem tapes were applied in the estimation of ecosystem services value in the agricultural land consolidation project area before and after.The research results can be summarized as follows: the "Zhushan Project" increased most newly cultivated land amount,net increased 348.84 hm2;"Dangyang Project" net increased 62.32 hm2;"Zhongxiang Project" net increased 44.27 hm2.The ecosystem services value of three agricultural land consolidation projects area lose some,"Zhushan Project" net decreased 271.0×104 yuan/year,"Dangyang Project" net decreased 51.0×104 yuan/year,"Zhongxiang Project" net decreased 8.0×104 yuan/year.There were much difference of individual ecosystem services value loss in different physiognomy type project area,the gas regulating value of "Zhushan Project" lost most,"Dangyang Project" lost least;The food production value of "Zhushan Project" net increased 11.0×104 yuan/year,"Zhongxiang Project" net increased 1.0×104 yuan/year.The policy enlightenment is gotten: target of agricultural land consolidation must be changed from the increase of newly cultivated land quantity to the quality of cultivated land and ecological environment change,closely around and considering the production,life and ecology,implementing the mode of quantity,quality,ecological three-in-one consolidation.