珠江口池养梭鱼消化道的形态学和组织学研究

采用形态解剖尧组织切片和光镜技术研究珠江口池塘养殖梭鱼消化道的形态学和组织学特性，以期从形态结构上了解南方养殖梭鱼的摄食、消化和吸收等重要生理功能。结果显示：梭鱼消化道由口咽腔、食道、胃和肠道4部分组成，肠道又可分为前肠、中肠和后肠。梭鱼消化道的组织结构可以分为4层，黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌肉层和浆膜层，黏膜层位于消化道壁的内层，主要由黏膜上皮、固有膜组成；黏膜下层由疏松结缔组织构成，其间含有血管尧神经和淋巴组织；肌肉层致密，外层为纵肌，内层为环肌；浆膜层极薄，覆盖于整个消化道的外层。消化道各部分的主要差异表现在皱褶、黏膜上皮细胞的类型、肌层的结构和肌肉组织的类型、杯状细胞的数量多少等方面。

Studies on morphology and histology of digestive tract in Liza haematocheila captived on the coast of Pearl River estuary

This research was carried out to investigate morphology and histology of digestive tract in Liza haematocheila captivied on the coast of Pearl River estuary, for the purpose of understanding the important physiologocal functions including ingestion, digestion and absorption. The experiment was done by the methods of anatomy, tissue sections and optical microscopy. Results showed that digestive tract of L.haematocheila was composed of buccal-pharynxcavity, esophagus, stomach and intestine, and the intestine was composed of anterior intestine, mid-intestine and posterior intestine. The digestive organization structure of L.haematocheila was divided into 4 layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscle layer and serosa. The mucosa located in the inner of gastrointestinal wall, which was mainly composed of mucosal epithelium and lamina propria.Subimuwse was composed of loose connective tissue, and contained vasculars, nerves and lymphoid tissue. Muscle layer was dense with longitudinal muscle in outer layer of muscle and circular muscle in inner layer. The outer surface of the digestive tract was covered by a thin layer of serosa. The differences between the various parts of digestive tract were mainly characterized as type of folds and epithelial cells, structure of muscularis, type of muscle tissue and number of goblet cells.