稻曲病菌培养特性及致病力研究

采用固体、液体培养及温室人工接种方法,测定了来自5个省(市)的10个稻曲病菌株的产孢特性、固体、液体培养特性及对品种的致病力,并用3个菌株对12个水稻品种进行致病性比较.结果表明:稻曲病菌不同菌株间存在明显致病性差异,不同品种对不同菌株的抗感反应也表现出显著差异.供试菌株的固体培养形态可分为7种类型,菌株的产孢特性、固体培养形态与致病力有一定的相关性,而振荡菌液颜色、产菌丝量与致病力相关性不明显;验证了火焰灼烧表面组织分离法及分生孢子液划线稀释法的单孢分离技术和控温控湿条件下菌丝-孢子混合接种体孕穗期注射接种法,该方法分离成功率及接种病穗率均可达100％,适用于水稻对稻曲病的抗性鉴定及相关研究.

Culture characteristics and pathogenicity of rice false smut disease (Ustilaginoidea virens)

Ten strains of Ustilaginoidea virens collected from 5 provinces of China were cultured in solid and liquid media, and their culture characteristics, sporulation abilities and pathogenicity were tested by artificial inoculation in green house. The pathogenicity was evaluated by inoculating 3 strains of the pathogen on 12 rice varieties. The results showed that there was significant difference of pathogenicity among different strains of U. virens, as well as the response of different rice varieties. The strains cultured on solid medium could be divided into 7 types. The pathogenicity of U. virens was correlated with the sporulation and growth pattern on solid media, but was not correlated with the mycelia production and pigment in liquid media. We verified the protocols for single spore isolation as of flame -burning surface tissue separation, conidia crossed dilution techniques, and injecting inoculation technique using mycelia-spores mixed inoculums in booting stage under temperature and humidity controlled conditions in green house. By using this method, high success rate of pathogen isolation and inoculation could reach up to 100%. So the method is useful for screening rice false smut resistance and related research.