17种植物提取物对荔枝霜疫霉菌的抑制作用

为寻找果树病害防治的植物源抑菌物质,以乙醇为溶剂,采用超声波辅助提取法获得17种植物的提取物,并用提取物对荔枝霜疫霉菌(Peronophythora litchii Chen ex Ko et al.)进行抑菌试验,结果显示,丁香(Syringa aramaticum)、黄连(Coptischinensis Franch)、细辛(Asarum sieboldii)提取物5 mg/mL浓度处理药后7 d抑菌率均为100%,1 mg/mL浓度处理抑菌率则分别为60.68%、51.88%、15.64%,黄柏(Cortex Phellodendri)、苦参(Sophora flavescens)、花椒(Pricklyash Peel)提取物5 mg/mL浓度处理药后7 d抑菌率均达60%以上;5 mg/mL浓度处理花椒、黄连、黄柏、细辛提取物对荔枝霜疫霉菌孢子囊萌发抑制率都在60%以上,而花椒的抑制率最高,达73.08%。不同植物提取物抑菌效果受温度和pH的影响明显。

Inhibition of extracts from 17 kinds of plants on mycelia growth of Peronophythora litchi

In order to search the antibacterial substances of plant origin for disease prevention and treatment of fruit trees,the study has obtained 17 kinds of plants extracts,using ultrasonic-assisted extraction with ethanol solvent.Antibacterial test of Peronophythora litchi treated by the 17 kinds of plants extracts was studied.Results showed that the inhibition rates were 100% after seven days under the 5 mg/mL concentration treatments of Syringa aramaticum,Coptis chinensis Franch and Asarum sieboldii extracts,while the inhibition rates were 60.68% 、51.88% and 15.64% respectively under the 1mg/mL concentration treatments.Under the 5mg/mL concentration treatment of Cortex Phellodendri,Sophora flavescens and Pricklyash Peel extracts,the inhibition rates were all more than 60% after seven days.The inhibited rates of sporangium germination of Peronophythora litchi were more than 60% under the 5mg/mL concentration treatments of Pricklyash Peel,Coptis chinensis Franch,Cortex Phellodendri and Asarum sieboldii.The inhibited rate of Pricklyash Peel extracts was the highest,up to 73.08%.Besides,the antibacterial effects of various plant extracts were significantly affected by temperature and pH value.