不同生态区烟叶化学成分和营养元素特征与感官质量的关系

对贵州中烟工业公司在湖南、河南、云南、福建、贵州、四川6省8个基地72个C3F烟样的化学成分、营养元素和感官评吸质量进行了分析。结果表明:不同生态区烟叶化学成分差异显著,清香型、中偏清香型和中间香型烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量显著高于浓香型烟叶,而浓香型烟叶两糖比显著高于清香型、中偏清香型和中间香型烟叶,但总氮、氮碱比和糖碱比均低于清香型、中偏清香型和中间香型烟叶。不同生态区烟叶营养元素差异显著,贵州威宁烟叶铁含量异常高,湖南郴州和福建三明烟叶锌含量异常高,河南平顶山烟叶锰及氯含量异常高,云南保山烟叶铜及氯偏高,使这些产地烟叶感官评吸质量下降。采用感官评价指标体系建立的多元回归方程表明,与烟叶感官评吸质量指标关联较大的化学指标是两糖比、氮碱比、烟碱,其次为糖碱比和氯离子。

Relationship between the chemical components or nutrient element and sensory quality of tobacco from different ecological regions

To investigate the relationship between chemical components, nutrient elements and sensory quality in tobacco leaves from different ecological regions, we determined the chemical components and nutrient element and analyzed the sensory quality of all the 72 C3F tobacco leaf samples from the 8 base units (Hunan, Henan, Yunnan, Fujian, Guizhou and Sichuan) of China Tobacco GuiZhou Industrial Co.Ltd.. The results show that there were significant differences in chemical components of tobacco leaves between different ecological regions. The total sugar and reducing sugar contents of delicate fragrance type, deflecting middle to delicate fragrance type and middle flavor type tobacco were significantly higher than those of concentrated fragrance type tobacco. The ratio of the reducing sugar contents to total sugar of concentrated fragrance type tobacco was significantly higher than that of the delicate fragrance type, deflecting middle to delicate fragrance type and middle flavor type tobacco, while the total nitrogen, the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and the ratio of sugar to nicotine were lower than those of the delicate fragrance type, deflecting middle to delicate fragrance and middle flavor type tobacco. The nutrient element of tobacco leaves in different ecological regions showed significant differences; the iron content of tobacco leaf in Weining, Guizhou was unusually high, zinc content in Chenzhou, Hunan and Sanming, Fujian was abnormally high, manganese and chlorine content in Pingdingshan, Henan was also unusually high, copper and chlorine in Baoshan, Yunnan was high, which was related to the falling quality of these tobaccos by sensory evaluation. The multiple regression equation established using the index system of sensory evaluation showed that the ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar, the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and nicotine content were the chemical index of tobacco leaves greatly associated with sensory quality evaluation index, followed by the ratio of sugar to nicotine and chlorine ion content.