水陆稻在水田和旱地栽培的性状比较

以有代表性的陆稻(TANGARA，IAPAR9)为试材，水稻新香优80为杂交组合，R80为常规稻，采用裂区设计，通过水田和旱地栽培比较试验，探明在不同栽培条件下主要是干旱对水、陆稻农艺性状、产量构成因素和稻米品质的影响．结果表明：两种栽培条件下各品种产量之间存在显著差异，旱地栽培时，产量明显降低；从产量构成因素来看，旱栽产量低的原因陆稻主要是有效穗数不足、结实率下降，水稻表现为有效穗数增多，每穗总粒数和结实率下降，且下降幅度大于陆稻；有效穗数对产量的贡献最大，直接通径系数为1．4530．干旱对生育期、株高、茎蘖数、叶面积和米质有一定影响．旱种时生育期较短，株高中等，叶面积较小的品种有利于抗旱，各品种米质水田栽培优于旱地的，但旱地栽培能明显提高水、陆稻品种的粗蛋白含量．

Characters of Upland and Lowland Rice under Different Cultivations

Four typical rice varieties (or combinations) were grown in upland and lowland cultivation by split-plot design, the effects of drought on agronomic characters,yield components,and rice quality were investigated.The results showed that there existed significant differences in yields of different varieties between upland and lowland cultivation.The yield decreased markedly under upland cultivation.The reasons for the yield decreasing under upland cultivation were lacking of the effective tiller number and decreasing seed-setting percentage.As for lowland rice,the total grains per panicle and seed-setting percentage decreased,however,the effective tiller number increased.Among yield components,the effective tiller number had the biggest effect on the yield,whose path coefficent was 1.453 0.The growth duration,plant height, tillering,leaf area and rice quality were also be influenced by drought stress.Middle plant height and growth duration and leaf area of rice variety have stronger drought resistance under upland cultivation.The rice quality of all varieties of lowland cultivation is better than that of upland cultivation,whereas the protein content of rice increased obviously under upland cultivation.