不同土壤调理剂对酸性土壤的改良效果

采用土壤盆栽试验,研究碱渣、菇渣、污泥、泥炭等土壤调理剂对酸性土壤的调节作用和对辣椒生长、产量、品质的影响.结果表明,各土壤调理剂均能提高土壤pH,降低酸性土壤交换性铝含量,提高土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁含量;均能降低酸性土壤活性铝对辣椒的毒害作用,提高辣椒品质,使辣椒根系鲜重、地上部鲜重和辣椒产量增加,辣椒根系鲜重与土壤交换性铝含量呈显著负相关,其中以碱渣+菇渣处理的效果最显著,该处理辣椒叶片SPAD值、株高、根系鲜重、地上部鲜重、辣椒产量分别比不施土壤调理剂处理(对照)增加了17%、32%、244%、45%、189%,辣椒V-C、可溶性糖含量分别是对照的1.78、2.77倍;碱渣和菇渣在调节土壤酸性、改善土壤肥料方面表现出很好的互补性.

Effects of different modifiers on improvement of acid soils

Effects of different modifiers such as waste of soda manufactory,spent mushroom compost,sludge and turf on improvement of acid soil,and its effect on growth,yield and quality of pepper were researched by soil pot culture experiments.The results showed that all modifier treatments could increase pH value of the acid soil,the contents of organic carbon,available (nitrogen,phosphor,kalium)and exchangeable(Ca and Mg) in the soil.Therefore,the modifier treatments alleviated the Al toxicity to the pepper seedlings,and improved the yield and the quality of pepper to different degrees.A significant Coγrelation was found between the content of exchangeable Al and fresh weight of pepper roots.Among all of the treatments,compost of the waste of soda manufactory with spent mushroom had the most prominent effects on alleviation of Al toxicity and improvement of growth and yield of pepper.With the soil treated with the compost,the SPAD value,the plant height,the fresh weight of roots and shoots and the yield of pepper increased by 17%,32%,244%,45%,and 189%,respectively.The content of vitamin C and water-soluble sugar in pepper treated with the compost was 1.78 and 2.77 times as high as that of control.It could be concluded that the waste of soda manufactory and the spent mushroom compost have demonstrated a good complementarity in regulating the soil acidity and improving fertilizer in soil.