湖南主产烟区土壤养分状况与评价

对湘南和湘西两个主产烟区的2305个土壤普查样品的分析结果表明：湘南烟区植烟土壤养分水平相对较高，但养分间的失衡度较大；湘西烟区植烟土壤养分水平相对较低，主要养分的有效供应相对不足，两大烟区土壤的钙、硫、铁、锰、铜和钼比较充足，其他养分的状况则有不同程度的差异，以年内烟-稻复种连作为主的湘南烟区，土壤pH偏高，有机质含量高，但有机质中腐殖质的比例较低；土壤中的氮和锌比较丰富，钾很缺乏，有近60％的土壤严重缺硼．以旱地烟为主的湘西烟区，土壤pH偏低，有机质含量比较适宜，但有近40％的土壤氮素营养水平偏低，有近50％的土壤钾、锌和氯的供应不足，磷和硼很缺乏。

Appraising on the Nutrient State of Tobacco-Growing Soil in Main Areas of Hunan

From the analysis of 2 305 soil-survey samples of two main tobacoo areas in the South and the West of Hunan,the results show:the nutrient level of tobacoo-growing soils is relatively high in the south of Hunan,but out of balance;the nutrient level of tobacoo-growing soils is relatively low in the west of Hunan,the main nutrients are relatively insufficient.In the two tobacoo areas,the Ca,S,Fe,Mn,Cu and Mo are abundant,other nutrients are different in some levels.In the South of Hunan with cigarette-rice multiple cropping,the pH is medium and high,the organic matter is high,but the humus content is low in the organic matter;N and Zn are abundant,P is very scarce,about 60% of soils is lack of B seriously.In the West of Hunan with dry land cigarette,the pH is medium and low,the organic matter is suitable,N is low in about 40% of soils,K,Zn,Cl are insufficient in about 50% of soils,the shortage of P and B are very serious.