长输油气管道焊接方法选用原则

管道工程建设对焊接质量、焊接效率和焊接技术水平的要求越来越高，合理选择焊接方法至关重要。系统梳理了目前长输油气管道建设常用的焊接方法，包括焊条电弧焊（SMAW）、钨极氩弧焊（GTAW）、半自动焊、自动焊，总结了其性能特点、优势不足和适用条件，参考国内重要管道工程的实际应用案例，考虑管材等级、直径、壁厚、输送介质、施工环境等因素，提出了长输油气管道焊接方法选择的一般性原则，为长输油气管道的建设施工提供了有价值的参考。（图1，表2，参26）

Selection principle for welding process of long-distance oil and gas pipeline

Pipeline construction increasingly calls for higher welding quality, efficiency and technology. Therefore, it is essential to choose a reasonable welding process. In this paper, common welding processes of long-distance oil and gas pipelines are systematically coalesced, including shielded metal arc welding （SMAW）, gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW）, semi-automatic welding, and automatic welding, and their characteristics, advantages and applicable conditions are summarized. Moreover, based on practical applications in some major pipeline projects in China, and considering the material grade, diameter, wall thickness, transmission medium, construction environment and other factors, general principles for selecting welding process of long-distance oil and gas pipeline are proposed, which provide a valuable reference to the construction of long-distance oil and gas pipelines. （1 Figure, 2 Tables, 26 References）