加油站卸油过程中油品静电特性的测试试验

通过测试试验分析了油罐车在加油站卸油过程中油品自身产生的静电特性，油罐车油面电位检测，是在油罐车装油及行驶过程中，将油面电位测量仪放置在油面中间，实时检测油罐车内油品的油面电位；油罐车对地电阻检测，是使用兆欧表直接测量油罐车罐体与接地体之间的电阻；油罐车底部采样及控油根过程油品电荷密度检测，是使用法拉第筒及数字电荷量表，测量油品的电荷密度。在检测过程中，油面电位最高4210V，低于国标GB6951规定的12000V；油罐车对地电阻基本满足GB12158防止静电事故通用导则中关于静电导体泄漏电阻的要求（小于10^6Ω）；油品电荷密度最大15μC／m^3，油品带电量较小。结果表明：在加油站卸油过程中，油品自身产生的静电较少，由油品静电引发的静电放电概率较低，静电风险主要由人体静电产生。

Testing of oil electrostatic properties in oil unloading process at service station

In this study, the static electricity generated by oil itself when it is unloaded from a tanker at a service station is tested and analyzed. To measure the oil level potential of the tanker, the measuring instrument is placed in the middle of the oil level to enable the real-time detection of the potential in the tank when the tanker is loaded and moving. To measure the resistance to ground of the tanker, a megger is used to test the resistance between tank and grounding system directly. To measure the oil charge density in the process of sampling and root control, Faraday cup and digital charge scale are used. As a result, the highest oil level potential is 4 210 V, which is lower than 12 000 V stipulated in GB 6951, tanker resistance to ground basically meets the requirements for leakage resistance of electrostatic conductor （i.e. less than 10^6Ω）） under GB 12158 and the maximum electric density of the oil is 15 μC/m^3 with a small charge. It is concluded that the oil itself produces less static electricity during unloading, corresponding to low probability of electrostatic discharge. The static risk mainly arises from the human body.