热含蜡原油管道停输再启动压力研究

在室内环道上进行了胶凝原油再启动过程的试验，在试验分析的基础上解决了以下几个问题：首先，试验证实管内凝油屈服过程存在三个阶段，以弹性变形理论分析初始屈服段，用有时效的流变方程描述屈服值裂降段，用无时效的流变方程描述残余屈服段；其次，证实压力在管内凝油中传递与声波传播机理不同，压缩管内凝油系统“孔隙”是影响再启动凝油管道压力传递速度的关键因素，多“孔隙”凝油的阻尼作用和管内凝油屈服的径向滞后是两个重

The Restarting Pressure Research of a Hot Waxy Crude Pipeline

Laboratory tests on an indoor circular pipeline have been conducted to simulate the actual process of restarting a highly waxy crude pipeline after shut-down. The following questions have been solved on the basis of tests and analyses: first the tests verified that this restarting process consisted of three stages tana- lyzing initial yield with an elastic deformation theory, describing fractured yield with the time-dependent rheological equations and depicting residual yield with the time-independent rheological equations; second the results confirmed that the pressure transmitting mechanism in the gelled crude is different from that of sound wave transmitting process. The pore structure of the gelled oil is a critical factor affecting the pressure transmitting velocity. The damping effect from the pores in the gelled crude and the bagging effect due to the gelled crude yielding in radial direction are two important factors. A new model of pressure transmitting speed for a gelled crude restarting operation has been developed. The new mathematical model of restarting pressure has been established with the association of thermodynamic and hydraulic analyses,its calculating results correspond with the experimental data. The two pressure peaks and the distribution of flowing radius for a gelled crude restarting operation have-been forecast on the basis of calculation.