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抽穗开花期高温对水稻剑叶理化特性的影响
引用本文:张桂莲,陈立云,张顺堂,刘国华,唐丈邦,贺治洲,王明.抽穗开花期高温对水稻剑叶理化特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(7):1345-1352.
作者姓名:张桂莲  陈立云  张顺堂  刘国华  唐丈邦  贺治洲  王明
作者单位:湖南农业大学水稻所,长沙410128
基金项目:国家“863”计划现代农业技术项目(2001AA241023);国家自然科学基金资助项目(3015004);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(03GGY3033)
摘    要: 【目的】探明水稻功能叶在高温胁迫下的生理反应及适应机理。【方法】在人工气候室对两个耐热性不同的水稻品系进行高温处理(8:00~17:00,37℃,17:00~8:00,30℃),研究高温胁迫对水稻剑叶叶绿素含量、光合特性、热稳定蛋白和膜透性等理化特性的影响。【结果】高温胁迫下,水稻剑叶叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b值下降,胁迫后恢复期间稍有回升,耐热品系996叶绿素含量高于热敏感品系4628。高温使剑叶净光合速率和气孔导度下降,细胞间CO2浓度上升,与热敏感品系4628相比,耐热品系996在高温胁迫下能保持较高的光合特性;高温使水稻剑叶中可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和游离脯氨酸含量下降,热稳定蛋白含量上升;热敏感品系4628剑叶中丙二醛含量和膜透性在高温胁迫下增幅大于耐热品系996。【结论】高温胁迫下水稻剑叶中能保持较高的光合特性及叶绿素含量、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、游离脯氨酸和热稳定蛋白含量以及较低的膜透性和MDA含量,是耐高温品种的生理基础。

关 键 词:水稻  抽穗开花期  高温  理化特性  剑叶
收稿时间:2006-5-31
修稿时间:2006-05-312006-09-25

Effects of High Temperature on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics in Flag Leaf of Rice During Heading and Flowering Period
ZHANG Gui-lian,CHEN Li-yun,ZHANG Shun-tang,LIU Guo-hua,TANG Wen-bang,HE Zhi-zhou,WANG Ming.Effects of High Temperature on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics in Flag Leaf of Rice During Heading and Flowering Period[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(7):1345-1352.
Authors:ZHANG Gui-lian  CHEN Li-yun  ZHANG Shun-tang  LIU Guo-hua  TANG Wen-bang  HE Zhi-zhou  WANG Ming
Institution:Rice Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
Abstract:【Objective】To ascertain the physiological reaction and mechanism of adaption to high temperature stress of functional leaves in rice.【Method】For seven day,a study was conducted to determine the effects of high temperature stress(8:00-17:00,37℃,17:00-8:00,30℃)on the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,heat stable protein content and membrane permeability of flag leaves in hybrid rice in controlled environment chamber.【Result】The results showed that chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b of flag leaves in rice decreased under high temperature stress,increased after high temperature stress,chlorophyll content of high-temperature tolerant cultivar 996 was greater than that of high-temperature sensitive cultivar 4628.The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of flag leaves declined and substomatal CO2 concentration and transpiration rate of flag leaves increased under high temperature stress,compared with high-temperature sensitive cultivar 4628,high-temperature tolerant cultivar 996 could keep higher photosynthetic characteristics under high temperature stress;Souble sugar and souble protein and free proline content of flag leaves decreased under high temperature stress,but heat stable protein content increased;The increase scope of malonyldialdehyde(MDA)content and membrane permeability in high-temperature sensitive cultivar 4628 was greater under high temperature stress than in high-temperature tolerant cultivar 996.【Conclusion】Under high temperature stress,higher photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content,souble sugar,souble protein,proline,heat stable protein content and lower membrane permeability and MDA content of flag leaves in rice were the physiological basis of high-temperature tolerant cultivar.
Keywords:Rice(Oryza sativa L  )  Heading and flowering period  High temperature stress  Physiological and biochemical characteristics  Flag leaf
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